blunt abdominal trauma signs and symptoms

Surgeons, A.C.o., Advanced Trauma Life Support. From FAST to E-FAST: an overview of the evolution of ultrasound-based traumatic injury assessment.

Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST): results from an international consensus conference. The accuracy of urinalysis in predicting intra-abdominal injury following blunt traumas. Utility of serum pancreatic enzyme levels in diagnosing blunt trauma to the pancreas: a prospective study with systematic review. Admission hematocrit and transfusion requirements after trauma. Proceedings of the advanced course in coloproctology: the colorectal polyps, from genetics to surgery. Effect of crystalloid infusion on hematocrit in nonbleeding patients, with applications to clinical traumatology. Effect of crystalloid infusion on hematocrit and intravascular volume in healthy, nonbleeding subjects. (2015) Thromboelastography (TEG) and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) for trauma induced coagulopathy in adult trauma patients with bleeding. Acute coagulopathy of trauma: mechanism, identification and effect. Thrombelastography and tromboelastometry in assessing coagulopathy in trauma. Renaissance of base deficit for the initial assessment of trauma patients: a base deficit-based classification for hypovolemic shock developed on data from 16,305 patients derived from the TraumaRegister DGU(R). Base deficit in the elderly: a marker of severe injury and death. Is arterial base deficit still a useful prognostic marker in trauma? A systematic review. An outcome prediction model for exsanguinating patients with blunt abdominal trauma after damage control laparotomy: a retrospective study. Trauma patients with the ‘triad of death’. An intelligent scoring system and its application to cardiac arrest prediction. Intra-abdominal injury following blunt trauma becomes clinically apparent within 9 hours. Seatbelt sign following blunt trauma is associated with increased incidence of abdominal injury. Seatbelt sign in a case of blunt abdominal trauma what lies beneath it? BMC Surg. The European guideline on management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma: fourth edition. Application of American College of Surgeons’ field triage guidelines by pre-hospital personnel. Bowel and mesenteric injuries from blunt abdominal trauma: a review. Patients with blunt abdominal trauma should be admitted for clinical observation over a minimum period of 24 h since there is no investigation that can reliably rule out intra-abdominal injuries. In many cases, however, clinical, laboratory and imaging findings must be interpreted jointly for an adequate evaluation of a patient’s injuries and for treatment planning since these data supplement and complement one another. MSCT is the gold standard diagnostic modality for blunt abdominal trauma because of its high sensitivity and specificity in detecting relevant intra-abdominal injuries. Diagnostic laparoscopy is an invasive technique that may also serve as a therapeutic tool and is particularly suited for haemodynamically stable patients with suspected hollow viscus injuries.

Compared with all other diagnostic modalities, MSCT has the highest sensitivity and specificity. Extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma (eFAST) has become a well established component of the trauma room algorithm but is of limited usefulness in the diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma. Laboratory values such as those for haematocrit, haemoglobin, base excess or deficit, and international normalised ratio (INR) are prognostic parameters that are useful in guiding therapy. Ecchymosis of the abdominal wall (seat belt sign) is a clinical sign that has a high predictive value. ResultsĪ total of 86 studies were included in the review. On the basis of the results of our comprehensive analysis of the literature and a current case, we offer a diagnostic algorithm.

Relevant articles were included in the literature review. We searched commonly used databases in order to obtain information about the aforementioned diagnostic modalities. In this article, we investigate and evaluate the usefulness and limitations of various diagnostic modalities on the basis of a comprehensive review of the literature. Physical examination, laboratory tests, ultrasound, conventional radiography, multislice computed tomography (MSCT), and diagnostic laparoscopy are used for diagnosing blunt abdominal trauma.

Blunt abdominal trauma signs and symptoms